2. Utilize decision-making tools routinely. For instance, create a pro/con T-chart to identify an outcomes positives and negatives. After a list has been generated, go back and put a value on each of the items. And, since a decision that addresses the wrong cause won’t solve the problem—and may even create new ones—use the Fishbone Diagram also helps to identify the causes and effects of problems. To construct a fishbone visual analysis diagram, draw a long horizontal line representing the problem. Draw diagonal lines from the horizontal line, and label each line with issues that relate to the problem, such as people, machines, materials and methods. From each diagonal line, draw shorter lines running parallel to the problem line, and identify specific issues affecting the larger problem.